Past Tense & Present Perfect

heyoww everyone...how are you  today??I hope you are still in good health

yapp, now I want to explain about the simple past & present perfect tense....Maybe some of you have heard what past tense and present perfect are or maybe some of you don't know what it is.

Simple Past Tense

 is a form of a simple verb to indicate that an event occurred in the past. In the simple past tense, the time of the incident (yesterday, last two days, last year) or the period of time (for two months, for a day, for an hour) can be specified.

Simple Past Tense formula :

Simple past tense is formed from verb-2 (past tense) in the form of a regular verb or verb "to be". Verb-2 is the bare infinitive (the root form of the verb) with the additions -ed, -en, -d, -t, -n, or -ne for the regular verb or a form that is not consistent with the irregular verb, while for the verb "to be", the 2-verb is was and were.

Was, which is a singular verb, is used in the singular subject in the form of a singular noun (such as: Andi, book, and cat) and a singular pronoun (such as: I, she, he, and it) except for “you”, otherwise were which is a plural verb used in plural subjects in the form of plural nouns (such as: cats, people, books), plural pronouns (such as: you, they, we, and cats), compound subject with the conjunction "and" "(Such as: you and I, Andi and Susi), and you.

positive sentence (+) :

• S + Verb-2 (past tense)

• S + be (was / were)

example:

~ The teacher came

~ I was a stamp collector

negative sentence (-)

• S + did + not + bare infinitive

• S + be (was / were) + not

example :

~ The teacher didn't come

~ I wasn't a stamp collector

interrogative sentence (?)

• did + S + bare infinitive

• be (was / were) + S

example : 

~ Did the teacher come

~ Was I a stamp collector

Example of Simple Past Tense Sentences

1 A friend of mine was here yesterday.

2 He ignored my call last week.

3 I met my client this morning

Present Perfect Tense

is a form of verb used to express an action or situation that has started in the past and is still continuing to the present or has been completed at a point in time certain in the past but the effect is still continuing.

Present Perfect Tense formula :

The present perfect tense is formed with the auxiliary verb “have” or “has”, and the past participle (verb-3). Have is used for I, you, and plural subjects such as: plural pronoun (such as: they, we), plural nouns (such as: boys, men), and compound subject with the conjunction "and" (such as: you and I, Tom and Jack); while the has for the singular subject is like: a third person singular pronoun (such as: he, she, it) and a singular noun (such as: Tom, man).

Past participles are formed by adding -ed, -en, -d, -t, -n, or -ne to the base form, which are regular verbs. In the base form, it is an irregular verb, the past participle is inconsistent.

positive sentence (+)

• S + auxiliary verb (have / has) + past participle (verb-3)

example : 

~ I have read the book

~ He has left

negative sentence (-)

• S + auxiliary verb (have / has) + not + past participle (verb-3)

example

~ I have not read the book

~ He hasn't left

interrogative sentence (?)

• auxiliary verb (have / has) + S + past participle (verb-3)

example : 

~ Have I read the book

~ Has he left

Examples of Present Perfect Tense Sentences

1 We haven't seen Dimas recently.

2 Have you ever been to Scotland?

3. Adam hasn’t received the document yet.

oh yes, I almost forgot, yesterday I was just given an assignment by my teacher to write past tense & present perfect tense in my book, so I will attach a photo of my assignment on this blog

So, how do you all understand right? I believe you can

yes i think this is enough for today thanks all!!!!!